schema clean up and refactor

core/schema/models/detect_pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+"""
+Detection pipeline runtime models.
+
+These are the data structures that flow between LangGraph nodes.
+They contain runtime types (np.ndarray) so they are NOT generated
+by modelgen — they live here for the schema to be the complete
+map of the application, but modelgen skips them.
+
+Wire-format models (SSE events) are in detect.py.
+DB models (jobs, checkpoints) are in detect_jobs.py.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Literal
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Frame:
+    sequence: int
+    chunk_id: int
+    timestamp: float  # position in video (seconds)
+    image: np.ndarray
+    perceptual_hash: str = ""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BoundingBox:
+    x: int
+    y: int
+    w: int
+    h: int
+    confidence: float
+    label: str
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TextCandidate:
+    frame: Frame
+    bbox: BoundingBox
+    text: str
+    ocr_confidence: float
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BrandDetection:
+    brand: str
+    timestamp: float
+    duration: float
+    confidence: float
+    source: Literal["ocr", "local_vlm", "cloud_llm", "logo_match", "auxiliary"]
+    bbox: BoundingBox | None = None
+    frame_ref: int | None = None
+    content_type: str = ""
+
+
+@dataclass
+class BrandStats:
+    total_appearances: int = 0
+    total_screen_time: float = 0.0
+    avg_confidence: float = 0.0
+    first_seen: float = 0.0
+    last_seen: float = 0.0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PipelineStats:
+    frames_extracted: int = 0
+    frames_after_scene_filter: int = 0
+    regions_detected: int = 0
+    regions_resolved_by_ocr: int = 0
+    regions_escalated_to_local_vlm: int = 0
+    regions_escalated_to_cloud_llm: int = 0
+    auxiliary_detections: int = 0
+    cloud_llm_calls: int = 0
+    processing_time_seconds: float = 0.0
+    estimated_cloud_cost_usd: float = 0.0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DetectionReport:
+    video_source: str
+    content_type: str
+    duration_seconds: float
+    brands: dict[str, BrandStats] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    timeline: list[BrandDetection] = field(default_factory=list)
+    pipeline_stats: PipelineStats = field(default_factory=PipelineStats)
+
+
+# Not in DATACLASSES — modelgen skips these (they contain np.ndarray)
+RUNTIME_MODELS = [
+    Frame, BoundingBox, TextCandidate, BrandDetection,
+    BrandStats, PipelineStats, DetectionReport,
+]

core/schema/serializers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+"""
+Model serializers — one module per model group, mirroring core/schema/models/.
+
+    models/detect_pipeline.py  → serializers/detect_pipeline.py
+    models/detect_jobs.py      → serializers/detect_jobs.py
+    models/detect.py           → serializers/detect.py (SSE events)
+
+Common utilities in _common.py.
+"""
+
+from ._common import safe_construct, serialize_dataclass, serialize_dataclass_list

core/schema/serializers/_common.py

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+"""Common serialization utilities."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import logging
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def safe_construct(cls, data: dict):
+    """
+    Construct a dataclass from a dict, tolerant of schema changes.
+
+    - Ignores keys not in the dataclass (field was removed)
+    - Uses defaults for missing keys (field was added)
+    - Logs at debug level for mismatches
+    """
+    field_names = {f.name for f in dataclasses.fields(cls)}
+
+    known = {}
+    for k, v in data.items():
+        if k in field_names:
+            known[k] = v
+        else:
+            logger.debug("Ignoring unknown field %s.%s", cls.__name__, k)
+
+    return cls(**known)
+
+
+def serialize_dataclass(obj) -> dict:
+    """Serialize any dataclass to dict via dataclasses.asdict()."""
+    return dataclasses.asdict(obj)
+
+
+def serialize_dataclass_list(items) -> list[dict]:
+    """Serialize a list of dataclasses."""
+    return [dataclasses.asdict(item) for item in items]

core/schema/serializers/detect_pipeline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+"""
+Serializers for detection pipeline runtime models.
+
+Mirrors core/schema/models/detect_pipeline.py.
+
+Special handling:
+  - Frame.image (np.ndarray → S3, excluded from JSON)
+  - TextCandidate.frame (object ref → frame_sequence integer)
+Everything else uses dataclasses.asdict() via safe_construct.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+
+from core.schema.models.detect_pipeline import (
+    BoundingBox,
+    BrandDetection,
+    BrandStats,
+    DetectionReport,
+    Frame,
+    PipelineStats,
+    TextCandidate,
+)
+from ._common import safe_construct, serialize_dataclass, serialize_dataclass_list
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Frame — image goes to S3 separately
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def serialize_frame_meta(frame: Frame) -> dict:
+    """Serialize Frame metadata only (no image)."""
+    result = dataclasses.asdict(frame)
+    del result["image"]
+    return result
+
+
+def serialize_frames_with_upload(frames: list[Frame], job_id: str) -> tuple[list[dict], dict[int, str]]:
+    """Upload frame images to S3, return metadata + manifest."""
+    from detect.checkpoint.frames import save_frames
+
+    manifest = save_frames(job_id, frames)
+    meta = [serialize_frame_meta(f) for f in frames]
+    return meta, manifest
+
+
+def deserialize_frames_with_download(meta: list[dict], manifest: dict, job_id: str) -> list[Frame]:
+    """Load frames from S3 + metadata."""
+    from detect.checkpoint.frames import load_frames
+
+    int_manifest = {int(k): v for k, v in manifest.items()}
+    return load_frames(int_manifest, meta)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# TextCandidate — frame ref is an object, stored as sequence int
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def serialize_text_candidate(tc: TextCandidate) -> dict:
+    bbox_dict = dataclasses.asdict(tc.bbox)
+    result = {
+        "frame_sequence": tc.frame.sequence,
+        "bbox": bbox_dict,
+        "text": tc.text,
+        "ocr_confidence": tc.ocr_confidence,
+    }
+    return result
+
+
+def serialize_text_candidates(candidates: list[TextCandidate]) -> list[dict]:
+    return [serialize_text_candidate(tc) for tc in candidates]
+
+
+def deserialize_text_candidate(data: dict, frame_map: dict[int, Frame]) -> TextCandidate:
+    frame = frame_map[data["frame_sequence"]]
+    bbox = safe_construct(BoundingBox, data["bbox"])
+    candidate = TextCandidate(
+        frame=frame,
+        bbox=bbox,
+        text=data["text"],
+        ocr_confidence=data["ocr_confidence"],
+    )
+    return candidate
+
+
+def deserialize_text_candidates(data: list[dict], frame_map: dict[int, Frame]) -> list[TextCandidate]:
+    return [deserialize_text_candidate(d, frame_map) for d in data]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# BoundingBox, BrandDetection, PipelineStats, etc — standard dataclasses
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def deserialize_bounding_box(data: dict) -> BoundingBox:
+    return safe_construct(BoundingBox, data)
+
+
+def deserialize_brand_detection(data: dict) -> BrandDetection:
+    return safe_construct(BrandDetection, data)
+
+
+def deserialize_pipeline_stats(data: dict) -> PipelineStats:
+    return safe_construct(PipelineStats, data)
+
+
+def deserialize_detection_report(data: dict) -> DetectionReport:
+    return safe_construct(DetectionReport, data)

detect/checkpoint/serializer.py

@@ -1,133 +1,108 @@
-"""State serialization — DetectState ↔ JSON-compatible dict."""
+"""
+State serialization — DetectState ↔ JSON-compatible dict.
+
+Delegates to each stage's serialize_fn/deserialize_fn via the registry.
+This file has no model-specific knowledge — stages own their data format.
+
+The only things serialized here are the "envelope" fields (job_id, video_path, etc.)
+that don't belong to any stage.
+"""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import dataclasses
+from core.schema.serializers._common import serialize_dataclass
-
+from core.schema.serializers.detect_pipeline import (
-from detect.models import (
+    deserialize_pipeline_stats,
-    BoundingBox,
+    deserialize_text_candidates,
-    BrandDetection,
-    Frame,
-    PipelineStats,
-    TextCandidate,
 )
 
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Envelope fields — not owned by any stage, always present
-# Serialize helpers
+ENVELOPE_KEYS = ["job_id", "video_path", "profile_name", "config_overrides"]
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def serialize_frame_meta(frame: Frame) -> dict:
-    meta = {
-        "sequence": frame.sequence,
-        "chunk_id": frame.chunk_id,
-        "timestamp": frame.timestamp,
-        "perceptual_hash": frame.perceptual_hash,
-    }
-    return meta
-
-
-def serialize_text_candidate(tc: TextCandidate) -> dict:
-    bbox_dict = dataclasses.asdict(tc.bbox)
-    candidate = {
-        "frame_sequence": tc.frame.sequence,
-        "bbox": bbox_dict,
-        "text": tc.text,
-        "ocr_confidence": tc.ocr_confidence,
-    }
-    return candidate
 
 
 def serialize_state(state: dict, frames_manifest: dict[int, str]) -> dict:
     """
     Serialize DetectState to a JSON-compatible dict.
 
-    Frame images are replaced with S3 key references.
+    Calls each registered stage's serialize_fn for stage-owned data.
-    TextCandidate.frame references become frame_sequence integers.
+    Envelope fields (job_id, etc.) are copied directly.
     """
-    frames = state.get("frames", [])
+    from detect.stages.base import _REGISTRY
-    filtered = state.get("filtered_frames", [])
 
-    manifest_strs = {str(k): v for k, v in frames_manifest.items()}
+    checkpoint = {}
-    frames_meta = [serialize_frame_meta(f) for f in frames]
-    filtered_seqs = [f.sequence for f in filtered]
 
-    boxes_serialized = {}
+    # Envelope
-    for seq, boxes in state.get("boxes_by_frame", {}).items():
+    for key in ENVELOPE_KEYS:
-        boxes_serialized[str(seq)] = [dataclasses.asdict(b) for b in boxes]
+        default = {} if key == "config_overrides" else ""
+        checkpoint[key] = state.get(key, default)
 
-    text_candidates = [serialize_text_candidate(tc) for tc in state.get("text_candidates", [])]
+    # Frames manifest (needed by frame-loading stages)
-    unresolved = [serialize_text_candidate(tc) for tc in state.get("unresolved_candidates", [])]
+    checkpoint["frames_manifest"] = {str(k): v for k, v in frames_manifest.items()}
-    detections = [dataclasses.asdict(d) for d in state.get("detections", [])]
+
-    stats = dataclasses.asdict(state.get("stats", PipelineStats()))
+    # Stats (shared across stages, not owned by one)
+    stats = state.get("stats")
+    if stats is not None:
+        checkpoint["stats"] = serialize_dataclass(stats)
+    else:
+        checkpoint["stats"] = {}
+
+    # Per-stage data
+    for name, stage_def in _REGISTRY.items():
+        if stage_def.serialize_fn is None:
+            continue
+        job_id = state.get("job_id", "")
+        stage_data = stage_def.serialize_fn(state, job_id)
+        checkpoint[f"stage_{name}"] = stage_data
 
-    checkpoint = {
-        "job_id": state.get("job_id", ""),
-        "video_path": state.get("video_path", ""),
-        "profile_name": state.get("profile_name", ""),
-        "config_overrides": state.get("config_overrides", {}),
-        "frames_manifest": manifest_strs,
-        "frames_meta": frames_meta,
-        "filtered_frame_sequences": filtered_seqs,
-        "boxes_by_frame": boxes_serialized,
-        "text_candidates": text_candidates,
-        "unresolved_candidates": unresolved,
-        "detections": detections,
-        "stats": stats,
-    }
     return checkpoint
 
 
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+def deserialize_state(checkpoint: dict, frames: list) -> dict:
-# Deserialize helpers
+    """
-# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    Reconstitute DetectState from a checkpoint dict + loaded frames.
 
-def deserialize_text_candidate(d: dict, frame_map: dict[int, Frame]) -> TextCandidate:
+    Calls each stage's deserialize_fn to restore stage-owned data.
-    frame = frame_map[d["frame_sequence"]]
+    """
-    bbox = BoundingBox(**d["bbox"])
+    from detect.stages.base import _REGISTRY
-    candidate = TextCandidate(
-        frame=frame,
-        bbox=bbox,
-        text=d["text"],
-        ocr_confidence=d["ocr_confidence"],
-    )
-    return candidate
 
-
-def deserialize_state(checkpoint: dict, frames: list[Frame]) -> dict:
-    """Reconstitute DetectState from a checkpoint dict + loaded frames."""
     frame_map = {f.sequence: f for f in frames}
 
-    filtered_seqs = set(checkpoint.get("filtered_frame_sequences", []))
+    state = {}
-    filtered_frames = [f for f in frames if f.sequence in filtered_seqs]
 
-    boxes_by_frame = {}
+    # Envelope
-    for seq_str, box_dicts in checkpoint.get("boxes_by_frame", {}).items():
+    for key in ENVELOPE_KEYS:
-        seq = int(seq_str)
+        default = {} if key == "config_overrides" else ""
-        boxes_by_frame[seq] = [BoundingBox(**b) for b in box_dicts]
+        state[key] = checkpoint.get(key, default)
 
-    text_candidates = [
+    # Frames (always present, loaded externally)
-        deserialize_text_candidate(d, frame_map)
+    state["frames"] = frames
-        for d in checkpoint.get("text_candidates", [])
+
-    ]
+    # Stats
-    unresolved_candidates = [
+    state["stats"] = deserialize_pipeline_stats(checkpoint.get("stats", {}))
-        deserialize_text_candidate(d, frame_map)
+
-        for d in checkpoint.get("unresolved_candidates", [])
+    # Per-stage data
-    ]
+    for name, stage_def in _REGISTRY.items():
-    detections = [BrandDetection(**d) for d in checkpoint.get("detections", [])]
+        if stage_def.deserialize_fn is None:
-    stats = PipelineStats(**checkpoint.get("stats", {}))
+            continue
+
+        stage_key = f"stage_{name}"
+        if stage_key not in checkpoint:
+            continue
+
+        job_id = state.get("job_id", "")
+        stage_data = stage_def.deserialize_fn(checkpoint[stage_key], job_id)
+
+        for k, v in stage_data.items():
+            if k == "_filtered_sequences":
+                # Reconnect filtered frames from sequence list
+                seq_set = set(v)
+                state["filtered_frames"] = [f for f in frames if f.sequence in seq_set]
+            elif k.endswith("_raw"):
+                # Raw text candidates need frame reference reconnection
+                real_key = k.removeprefix("_").removesuffix("_raw")
+                state[real_key] = deserialize_text_candidates(v, frame_map)
+            else:
+                state[k] = v
 
-    state = {
-        "job_id": checkpoint.get("job_id", ""),
-        "video_path": checkpoint.get("video_path", ""),
-        "profile_name": checkpoint.get("profile_name", ""),
-        "config_overrides": checkpoint.get("config_overrides", {}),
-        "frames": frames,
-        "filtered_frames": filtered_frames,
-        "boxes_by_frame": boxes_by_frame,
-        "text_candidates": text_candidates,
-        "unresolved_candidates": unresolved_candidates,
-        "detections": detections,
-        "stats": stats,
-    }
     return state

detect/models.py

@@ -1,86 +1,26 @@
 """
-Core domain models for the detection pipeline.
+Re-export pipeline runtime models from core/schema/models/detect_pipeline.py.
 
-These are pipeline-internal models — the data structures that flow
+All models are defined in core/schema/ — this module exists for backward
-between LangGraph nodes. SSE event payloads (sse_contract.py) are
+compatibility so existing imports (from detect.models import Frame) keep working.
-derived from these when emitting to the UI.
 """
 
-from __future__ import annotations
+from core.schema.models.detect_pipeline import (
+    BoundingBox,
+    BrandDetection,
+    BrandStats,
+    DetectionReport,
+    Frame,
+    PipelineStats,
+    TextCandidate,
+)
 
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+__all__ = [
-from typing import Literal
+    "BoundingBox",
-
+    "BrandDetection",
-import numpy as np
+    "BrandStats",
-
+    "DetectionReport",
-
+    "Frame",
-@dataclass
+    "PipelineStats",
-class Frame:
+    "TextCandidate",
-    sequence: int
+]
-    chunk_id: int
-    timestamp: float  # position in video (seconds)
-    image: np.ndarray
-    perceptual_hash: str = ""
-
-
-@dataclass
-class BoundingBox:
-    x: int
-    y: int
-    w: int
-    h: int
-    confidence: float
-    label: str
-
-
-@dataclass
-class TextCandidate:
-    frame: Frame
-    bbox: BoundingBox
-    text: str
-    ocr_confidence: float
-
-
-@dataclass
-class BrandDetection:
-    brand: str
-    timestamp: float
-    duration: float
-    confidence: float
-    source: Literal["ocr", "local_vlm", "cloud_llm", "logo_match", "auxiliary"]
-    bbox: BoundingBox | None = None
-    frame_ref: int | None = None
-    content_type: str = ""
-
-
-@dataclass
-class BrandStats:
-    total_appearances: int = 0
-    total_screen_time: float = 0.0
-    avg_confidence: float = 0.0
-    first_seen: float = 0.0
-    last_seen: float = 0.0
-
-
-@dataclass
-class PipelineStats:
-    frames_extracted: int = 0
-    frames_after_scene_filter: int = 0
-    regions_detected: int = 0
-    regions_resolved_by_ocr: int = 0
-    regions_escalated_to_local_vlm: int = 0
-    regions_escalated_to_cloud_llm: int = 0
-    auxiliary_detections: int = 0
-    cloud_llm_calls: int = 0
-    processing_time_seconds: float = 0.0
-    estimated_cloud_cost_usd: float = 0.0
-
-
-@dataclass
-class DetectionReport:
-    video_source: str
-    content_type: str
-    duration_seconds: float
-    brands: dict[str, BrandStats] = field(default_factory=dict)
-    timeline: list[BrandDetection] = field(default_factory=list)
-    pipeline_stats: PipelineStats = field(default_factory=PipelineStats)

detect/stages/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+"""
+Pipeline stages.
+
+Each stage registers its StageDefinition on import,
+declaring IO (what it reads/writes from state),
+config fields (what's tunable from the editor),
+and serialization (how to checkpoint its outputs).
+"""
+
+from .base import (
+    StageDefinition,
+    StageIO,
+    StageConfigField,
+    register_stage,
+    get_stage,
+    list_stages,
+    get_palette,
+)
+
+# Populate registry with built-in stages
+from . import registry  # noqa: F401

detect/stages/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+"""
+Stage protocol — common interface for all pipeline stages.
+
+Every stage declares:
+  - IO: what it reads/writes from DetectState
+  - Config: tunable parameters for the editor
+  - Serialization: how to persist/restore its own outputs
+
+The checkpoint layer is a black box — it asks each stage to serialize its
+outputs and stores the result. Stages own their data format. Binary data
+(frames, crops) goes to S3 via the stage itself. The checkpoint just
+stores the JSON envelope.
+
+The graph builder uses StageIO to validate that a stage's inputs are
+satisfied by previous stages' outputs.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any, Callable
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageIO:
+    """Declares what a stage reads and writes from/to DetectState."""
+    reads: list[str]
+    writes: list[str]
+    optional_reads: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageConfigField:
+    """A single tunable config parameter for the editor UI."""
+    name: str
+    type: str          # "float", "int", "str", "bool", "list[str]"
+    default: Any
+    description: str = ""
+    min: float | None = None
+    max: float | None = None
+    options: list[str] | None = None
+
+
+@dataclass
+class StageDefinition:
+    """
+    Complete metadata for a pipeline stage.
+
+    The profile editor uses this to build the palette, generate config
+    forms, and validate graph connections. The checkpoint uses serialize_fn
+    and deserialize_fn to persist stage outputs without knowing the internals.
+    """
+    name: str
+    label: str
+    description: str
+    io: StageIO
+    config_fields: list[StageConfigField] = field(default_factory=list)
+    category: str = "detection"
+
+    # The actual graph node function: (DetectState) → dict
+    fn: Callable | None = None
+
+    # Stage-owned serialization for checkpointing.
+    # serialize_fn: (state: dict, job_id: str) → json-compatible dict
+    #   Stage picks its writes from state, serializes them.
+    #   Binary data (frames) → S3 via stage, returns refs.
+    # deserialize_fn: (data: dict, job_id: str) → state update dict
+    #   Stage restores its writes from the persisted data.
+    serialize_fn: Callable | None = None
+    deserialize_fn: Callable | None = None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Registry
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_REGISTRY: dict[str, StageDefinition] = {}
+
+
+def register_stage(definition: StageDefinition):
+    _REGISTRY[definition.name] = definition
+
+
+def get_stage(name: str) -> StageDefinition:
+    if name not in _REGISTRY:
+        raise KeyError(f"Unknown stage: {name!r}. Registered: {list(_REGISTRY)}")
+    return _REGISTRY[name]
+
+
+def list_stages() -> list[StageDefinition]:
+    return list(_REGISTRY.values())
+
+
+def get_palette() -> dict[str, list[StageDefinition]]:
+    """Group stages by category for the editor palette."""
+    palette: dict[str, list[StageDefinition]] = {}
+    for stage in _REGISTRY.values():
+        if stage.category not in palette:
+            palette[stage.category] = []
+        palette[stage.category].append(stage)
+    return palette

detect/stages/registry/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+Stage registry — registers all built-in stages.
+
+Split by category:
+  preprocessing.py  — extract_frames, filter_scenes
+  detection.py      — detect_objects, run_ocr
+  resolution.py     — match_brands
+  escalation.py     — escalate_vlm, escalate_cloud
+  output.py         — compile_report
+  _serializers.py   — shared serialization helpers
+"""
+
+from . import preprocessing
+from . import detection
+from . import resolution
+from . import escalation
+from . import output
+
+
+def register_all():
+    preprocessing.register()
+    detection.register()
+    resolution.register()
+    escalation.register()
+    output.register()
+
+
+register_all()

detect/stages/registry/_serializers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""
+Re-export serializers from core/schema/serializers/.
+
+Stage registry modules import from here for convenience.
+All serialization logic lives in core/schema/serializers/.
+"""
+
+from core.schema.serializers._common import (
+    safe_construct,
+    serialize_dataclass,
+    serialize_dataclass_list,
+)
+from core.schema.serializers.detect_pipeline import (
+    serialize_frame_meta,
+    serialize_frames_with_upload as serialize_frames,
+    deserialize_frames_with_download as deserialize_frames,
+    serialize_text_candidate,
+    serialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_text_candidate,
+    deserialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_bounding_box,
+    deserialize_brand_detection,
+    deserialize_pipeline_stats,
+    deserialize_detection_report,
+)

detect/stages/registry/detection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Registration for detection stages: YOLO, OCR."""
+
+from detect.stages.base import StageDefinition, StageIO, StageConfigField, register_stage
+from ._serializers import (
+    serialize_dataclass_list,
+    serialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_bounding_box,
+)
+
+
+def _ser_detect(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    boxes = state.get("boxes_by_frame", {})
+    serialized = {str(seq): serialize_dataclass_list(bl) for seq, bl in boxes.items()}
+    return {"boxes_by_frame": serialized}
+
+
+def _deser_detect(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    boxes = {}
+    for seq_str, box_dicts in data.get("boxes_by_frame", {}).items():
+        boxes[int(seq_str)] = [deserialize_bounding_box(b) for b in box_dicts]
+    return {"boxes_by_frame": boxes}
+
+
+def _ser_ocr(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    candidates = state.get("text_candidates", [])
+    return {"text_candidates": serialize_text_candidates(candidates)}
+
+
+def _deser_ocr(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    return {"_text_candidates_raw": data["text_candidates"]}
+
+
+def register():
+    yolo = StageDefinition(
+        name="detect_objects",
+        label="Object Detection",
+        description="YOLO object detection on filtered frames",
+        category="detection",
+        io=StageIO(reads=["filtered_frames"], writes=["boxes_by_frame"]),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("model_name", "str", "yolov8n.pt", "YOLO model file"),
+            StageConfigField("confidence_threshold", "float", 0.3, "Min detection confidence", min=0.0, max=1.0),
+            StageConfigField("target_classes", "list[str]", [], "YOLO classes to detect (empty = all)"),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_detect,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_detect,
+    )
+    register_stage(yolo)
+
+    ocr = StageDefinition(
+        name="run_ocr",
+        label="OCR",
+        description="Extract text from detected regions",
+        category="detection",
+        io=StageIO(reads=["filtered_frames", "boxes_by_frame"], writes=["text_candidates"]),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("languages", "list[str]", ["en"], "OCR languages"),
+            StageConfigField("min_confidence", "float", 0.5, "Min OCR confidence", min=0.0, max=1.0),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_ocr,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_ocr,
+    )
+    register_stage(ocr)

detect/stages/registry/escalation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Registration for escalation stages: local VLM, cloud LLM."""
+
+from detect.stages.base import StageDefinition, StageIO, StageConfigField, register_stage
+from ._serializers import (
+    serialize_dataclass_list,
+    serialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_brand_detection,
+)
+
+
+def _ser_escalation(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    matched = state.get("detections", [])
+    unresolved = state.get("unresolved_candidates", [])
+    return {
+        "detections": serialize_dataclass_list(matched),
+        "unresolved_candidates": serialize_text_candidates(unresolved),
+    }
+
+
+def _deser_escalation(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    detections = [deserialize_brand_detection(d) for d in data.get("detections", [])]
+    return {
+        "detections": detections,
+        "_unresolved_raw": data.get("unresolved_candidates", []),
+    }
+
+
+def register():
+    vlm = StageDefinition(
+        name="escalate_vlm",
+        label="Local VLM",
+        description="Process unresolved crops with moondream2",
+        category="escalation",
+        io=StageIO(
+            reads=["unresolved_candidates"],
+            writes=["detections", "unresolved_candidates"],
+            optional_reads=["source_asset_id"],
+        ),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("min_confidence", "float", 0.5, "Min VLM confidence", min=0.0, max=1.0),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_escalation,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_escalation,
+    )
+    register_stage(vlm)
+
+    cloud = StageDefinition(
+        name="escalate_cloud",
+        label="Cloud LLM",
+        description="Escalate remaining crops to cloud provider",
+        category="escalation",
+        io=StageIO(
+            reads=["unresolved_candidates"],
+            writes=["detections"],
+            optional_reads=["source_asset_id"],
+        ),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("min_confidence", "float", 0.4, "Min cloud confidence", min=0.0, max=1.0),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_escalation,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_escalation,
+    )
+    register_stage(cloud)

detect/stages/registry/output.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""Registration for output stages: report compilation."""
+
+from detect.stages.base import StageDefinition, StageIO, register_stage
+from ._serializers import serialize_dataclass, deserialize_detection_report
+
+
+def _ser_report(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    report = state.get("report")
+    if report is None:
+        return {"report": None}
+    return {"report": serialize_dataclass(report)}
+
+
+def _deser_report(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    raw = data.get("report")
+    if raw is None:
+        return {"report": None}
+    return {"report": deserialize_detection_report(raw)}
+
+
+def register():
+    report = StageDefinition(
+        name="compile_report",
+        label="Report",
+        description="Merge detections and compile final report",
+        category="output",
+        io=StageIO(reads=["detections"], writes=["report"]),
+        config_fields=[],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_report,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_report,
+    )
+    register_stage(report)

detect/stages/registry/preprocessing.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""Registration for preprocessing stages: frame extraction, scene filter."""
+
+from detect.stages.base import StageDefinition, StageIO, StageConfigField, register_stage
+from ._serializers import serialize_frames, deserialize_frames
+
+
+def _ser_extract(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    frames = state.get("frames", [])
+    meta, manifest = serialize_frames(frames, job_id)
+    return {"frames_meta": meta, "frames_manifest": manifest}
+
+
+def _deser_extract(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    frames = deserialize_frames(data["frames_meta"], data["frames_manifest"], job_id)
+    return {"frames": frames}
+
+
+def _ser_filter(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    filtered = state.get("filtered_frames", [])
+    seqs = [f.sequence for f in filtered]
+    return {"filtered_frame_sequences": seqs}
+
+
+def _deser_filter(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    return {"_filtered_sequences": data["filtered_frame_sequences"]}
+
+
+def register():
+    extract = StageDefinition(
+        name="extract_frames",
+        label="Frame Extraction",
+        description="Extract frames from video at configurable FPS",
+        category="preprocessing",
+        io=StageIO(reads=["video_path"], writes=["frames"]),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("fps", "float", 2.0, "Frames per second", min=0.1, max=30.0),
+            StageConfigField("max_frames", "int", 500, "Maximum frames to extract", min=1, max=10000),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_extract,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_extract,
+    )
+    register_stage(extract)
+
+    scene_filter = StageDefinition(
+        name="filter_scenes",
+        label="Scene Filter",
+        description="Deduplicate similar frames using perceptual hashing",
+        category="preprocessing",
+        io=StageIO(reads=["frames"], writes=["filtered_frames"]),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("hamming_threshold", "int", 8, "Hamming distance threshold", min=0, max=64),
+            StageConfigField("enabled", "bool", True, "Enable scene filtering"),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_filter,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_filter,
+    )
+    register_stage(scene_filter)

detect/stages/registry/resolution.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Registration for resolution stages: brand resolver."""
+
+from detect.stages.base import StageDefinition, StageIO, StageConfigField, register_stage
+from ._serializers import (
+    serialize_dataclass_list,
+    serialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_brand_detection,
+)
+
+
+def _ser_brands(state: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    matched = state.get("detections", [])
+    unresolved = state.get("unresolved_candidates", [])
+    return {
+        "detections": serialize_dataclass_list(matched),
+        "unresolved_candidates": serialize_text_candidates(unresolved),
+    }
+
+
+def _deser_brands(data: dict, job_id: str) -> dict:
+    detections = [deserialize_brand_detection(d) for d in data.get("detections", [])]
+    return {
+        "detections": detections,
+        "_unresolved_raw": data.get("unresolved_candidates", []),
+    }
+
+
+def register():
+    resolver = StageDefinition(
+        name="match_brands",
+        label="Brand Resolver",
+        description="Match OCR text against known brands (session + global DB)",
+        category="resolution",
+        io=StageIO(
+            reads=["text_candidates"],
+            writes=["detections", "unresolved_candidates"],
+            optional_reads=["session_brands", "source_asset_id"],
+        ),
+        config_fields=[
+            StageConfigField("fuzzy_threshold", "int", 75, "Fuzzy match threshold", min=0, max=100),
+        ],
+        serialize_fn=_ser_brands,
+        deserialize_fn=_deser_brands,
+    )
+    register_stage(resolver)

tests/detect/test_checkpoint.py

@@ -1,26 +1,30 @@
-"""Tests for checkpoint serialization — round-trip without S3."""
+"""Tests for checkpoint serialization — unit tests without S3."""
+
+import json
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
 from detect.models import BoundingBox, BrandDetection, Frame, PipelineStats, TextCandidate
-from detect.checkpoint.serializer import (
+from core.schema.serializers._common import safe_construct
-    serialize_state,
+from core.schema.serializers.detect_pipeline import (
-    deserialize_state,
     serialize_frame_meta,
     serialize_text_candidate,
+    serialize_text_candidates,
+    serialize_dataclass_list,
     deserialize_text_candidate,
+    deserialize_text_candidates,
+    deserialize_bounding_box,
+    deserialize_brand_detection,
+    deserialize_pipeline_stats,
 )
 
 
 def _make_frame(seq: int = 0, w: int = 100, h: int = 80) -> Frame:
     image = np.random.randint(0, 255, (h, w, 3), dtype=np.uint8)
     return Frame(
-        sequence=seq,
+        sequence=seq, chunk_id=0, timestamp=float(seq) * 0.5,
-        chunk_id=0,
+        image=image, perceptual_hash=f"hash_{seq}",
-        timestamp=float(seq) * 0.5,
-        image=image,
-        perceptual_hash=f"hash_{seq}",
     )
 
 
@@ -35,13 +39,8 @@ def _make_candidate(frame: Frame, text: str = "NIKE") -> TextCandidate:
 
 def _make_detection(brand: str = "Nike", timestamp: float = 1.0) -> BrandDetection:
     return BrandDetection(
-        brand=brand,
+        brand=brand, timestamp=timestamp, duration=0.5,
-        timestamp=timestamp,
+        confidence=0.92, source="ocr", content_type="soccer_broadcast", frame_ref=0,
-        duration=0.5,
-        confidence=0.92,
-        source="ocr",
-        content_type="soccer_broadcast",
-        frame_ref=0,
     )
 
 
@@ -81,102 +80,84 @@ def test_deserialize_text_candidate():
 
     assert restored.text == "ADIDAS"
     assert restored.ocr_confidence == 0.85
-    assert restored.frame is frame  # same object reference
+    assert restored.frame is frame
     assert restored.bbox.x == 10
 
 
-# --- Full state round-trip ---
+# --- BoundingBox ---
 
-def test_state_round_trip():
+def test_bounding_box_round_trip():
-    frames = [_make_frame(seq=i) for i in range(3)]
+    box = _make_box(x=15, y=25, w=40, h=30)
-    filtered = frames[:2]
+    serialized = serialize_dataclass_list([box])[0]
+    restored = deserialize_bounding_box(serialized)
 
-    box = _make_box()
+    assert restored.x == 15
-    boxes_by_frame = {0: [box], 1: [box]}
+    assert restored.w == 40
+    assert restored.confidence == 0.9
 
-    candidates = [_make_candidate(frames[0], "NIKE"), _make_candidate(frames[1], "EMIRATES")]
-    unresolved = [_make_candidate(frames[2], "unknown")]
-    detections = [_make_detection("Nike", 0.5), _make_detection("Emirates", 1.0)]
 
+# --- BrandDetection ---
+
+def test_brand_detection_round_trip():
+    det = _make_detection("Emirates", 3.5)
+    serialized = serialize_dataclass_list([det])[0]
+    restored = deserialize_brand_detection(serialized)
+
+    assert restored.brand == "Emirates"
+    assert restored.timestamp == 3.5
+    assert restored.source == "ocr"
+
+
+# --- PipelineStats ---
+
+def test_pipeline_stats_round_trip():
     stats = PipelineStats(
-        frames_extracted=3,
+        frames_extracted=120, cloud_llm_calls=3,
-        frames_after_scene_filter=2,
+        estimated_cloud_cost_usd=0.005,
-        regions_detected=2,
-        regions_resolved_by_ocr=2,
-        cloud_llm_calls=1,
-        estimated_cloud_cost_usd=0.003,
     )
+    serialized = serialize_dataclass_list([stats])[0]
+    restored = deserialize_pipeline_stats(serialized)
 
-    state = {
+    assert restored.frames_extracted == 120
-        "job_id": "test-123",
+    assert restored.cloud_llm_calls == 3
-        "video_path": "/tmp/test.mp4",
+    assert restored.estimated_cloud_cost_usd == 0.005
-        "profile_name": "soccer_broadcast",
+
-        "config_overrides": {"ocr": {"min_confidence": 0.3}},
+
-        "frames": frames,
+# --- safe_construct tolerates schema changes ---
-        "filtered_frames": filtered,
+
-        "boxes_by_frame": boxes_by_frame,
+def test_safe_construct_ignores_unknown_fields():
-        "text_candidates": candidates,
+    data = {"x": 1, "y": 2, "w": 3, "h": 4, "confidence": 0.5, "label": "t", "extra_field": 99}
-        "unresolved_candidates": unresolved,
+    box = safe_construct(BoundingBox, data)
-        "detections": detections,
+
-        "stats": stats,
+    assert box.x == 1
+    assert not hasattr(box, "extra_field")
+
+
+def test_safe_construct_uses_defaults():
+    data = {"frames_extracted": 50}
+    stats = safe_construct(PipelineStats, data)
+
+    assert stats.frames_extracted == 50
+    assert stats.cloud_llm_calls == 0  # default
+
+
+# --- JSON compatibility ---
+
+def test_all_serialized_is_json_compatible():
+    frame = _make_frame()
+    candidate = _make_candidate(frame)
+    detection = _make_detection()
+    stats = PipelineStats(frames_extracted=10)
+
+    all_data = {
+        "frame_meta": serialize_frame_meta(frame),
+        "candidate": serialize_text_candidate(candidate),
+        "detection": serialize_dataclass_list([detection])[0],
+        "stats": serialize_dataclass_list([stats])[0],
     }
 
-    manifest = {f.sequence: f"s3://fake/frames/{f.sequence}.jpg" for f in frames}
+    json_str = json.dumps(all_data, default=str)
-
-    # Serialize
-    serialized = serialize_state(state, manifest)
-
-    # Verify JSON-compatible (no numpy, no Frame objects)
-    import json
-    json_str = json.dumps(serialized, default=str)
     assert len(json_str) > 0
 
-    # Deserialize with the original frames (simulating frame load from S3)
+    roundtrip = json.loads(json_str)
-    restored = deserialize_state(serialized, frames)
+    assert roundtrip["frame_meta"]["sequence"] == frame.sequence
-
-    # Verify round-trip
-    assert restored["job_id"] == "test-123"
-    assert restored["video_path"] == "/tmp/test.mp4"
-    assert restored["profile_name"] == "soccer_broadcast"
-    assert restored["config_overrides"] == {"ocr": {"min_confidence": 0.3}}
-
-    assert len(restored["frames"]) == 3
-    assert len(restored["filtered_frames"]) == 2
-    assert len(restored["boxes_by_frame"]) == 2
-    assert len(restored["text_candidates"]) == 2
-    assert len(restored["unresolved_candidates"]) == 1
-    assert len(restored["detections"]) == 2
-
-    restored_stats = restored["stats"]
-    assert restored_stats.frames_extracted == 3
-    assert restored_stats.cloud_llm_calls == 1
-    assert restored_stats.estimated_cloud_cost_usd == 0.003
-
-    # TextCandidate frame references should point to actual Frame objects
-    tc = restored["text_candidates"][0]
-    assert tc.frame is frames[0]
-    assert tc.text == "NIKE"
-
-
-def test_state_round_trip_empty():
-    """Empty state should serialize/deserialize cleanly."""
-    state = {
-        "job_id": "empty-job",
-        "video_path": "",
-        "profile_name": "soccer_broadcast",
-        "frames": [],
-        "filtered_frames": [],
-        "boxes_by_frame": {},
-        "text_candidates": [],
-        "unresolved_candidates": [],
-        "detections": [],
-        "stats": PipelineStats(),
-    }
-
-    serialized = serialize_state(state, {})
-    restored = deserialize_state(serialized, [])
-
-    assert restored["job_id"] == "empty-job"
-    assert len(restored["frames"]) == 0
-    assert len(restored["detections"]) == 0
-    assert restored["stats"].frames_extracted == 0

tests/detect/test_stage_registry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""Tests for the stage registry."""
+
+from detect.stages import list_stages, get_stage, get_palette
+
+
+EXPECTED_STAGES = [
+    "extract_frames", "filter_scenes", "detect_objects", "run_ocr",
+    "match_brands", "escalate_vlm", "escalate_cloud", "compile_report",
+]
+
+
+def test_all_stages_registered():
+    stages = list_stages()
+    names = [s.name for s in stages]
+    for expected in EXPECTED_STAGES:
+        assert expected in names, f"Missing stage: {expected}"
+
+
+def test_stage_has_io():
+    for name in EXPECTED_STAGES:
+        stage = get_stage(name)
+        assert len(stage.io.writes) > 0, f"{name} has no writes"
+        assert stage.label, f"{name} has no label"
+        assert stage.description, f"{name} has no description"
+
+
+def test_stage_has_serialization():
+    for name in EXPECTED_STAGES:
+        stage = get_stage(name)
+        assert stage.serialize_fn is not None, f"{name} has no serialize_fn"
+        assert stage.deserialize_fn is not None, f"{name} has no deserialize_fn"
+
+
+def test_palette_groups():
+    palette = get_palette()
+    assert len(palette) > 0
+    all_stages = []
+    for category, stages in palette.items():
+        assert isinstance(category, str)
+        all_stages.extend(stages)
+    assert len(all_stages) == len(EXPECTED_STAGES)
+
+
+def test_io_chain_valid():
+    """Each stage's reads should be satisfied by previous stages' writes."""
+    stages = [get_stage(name) for name in EXPECTED_STAGES]
+    available_keys = {"video_path", "job_id", "profile_name",
+                      "source_asset_id", "session_brands", "stats",
+                      "config_overrides"}
+
+    for stage in stages:
+        for read_key in stage.io.reads:
+            assert read_key in available_keys, (
+                f"Stage {stage.name} reads '{read_key}' but no previous stage writes it. "
+                f"Available: {available_keys}"
+            )
+        for write_key in stage.io.writes:
+            available_keys.add(write_key)